Research

The amount of information and data generated by scientists is constantly growing. These data have to be managed, structured and aggregated, and new knowledge is generated by analyzing and interpreting them. Transparency, traceability and reproducibility as part of good scientific practice require new tools, processes and services. This raises completely new legal questions and places high demands on security and trustworthiness. Collaboration beyond the boundaries of institutions and disciplines, in virtual research environments, is gaining in importance. And education also takes place in virtual spaces, independent of time and place.

For FIZ Karlsruhe as a Leibniz institute for information infrastructure, these challenges have great potential for the future: We research into these issues in order to further develop our products and services according to our customers’ needs and to promote the state of the art. This enables us to fulfil our main task, i.e., to provide researchers and scientists with information and the related services, at a high level.

2023

• Ludwig, Katharina; Grote, Alexander; Iana, Andreea; Alam, Mehwish; Paulheim, Heiko; Sack, Harald;  Weinhardt, C.; Müller, Philipp:  Divided by the Algorithm? The (Limited) Effects of Content- and Sentiment-Based News Recommendation on Affective, Ideological, and Perceived Polarization. Social Science Computer Review, 2023. DOI: 10.1177/08944393221149290, [local copy (PDF) | (BibTeX)].

2022

• Ludwig, Katharina; Grote, Alexander; Iana, Andreea; Alam, Mehwish; Paulheim, Heiko; Sack, Harald;  Weinhardt, C.; and  Müller, Philipp: Divided by the Algorithm? The (limited) effects of content- and sentiment-based news recommendation on affective, ideological, and perceived polarization. Social Science Computer Review. 2022. Keywords: News recommendation, Polarization, Algorithm
• Alam, Mehwish, de Boer, Victor, Daga, Enrico, van Erp, Marieke, Hyvönen, Eero, Meroño-Peñuela, Albert Editorial of the Special issue on Cultural Heritage and semantic web. Semantic Web Journal. Keywords: Cultural heritage, Ontologies and Vocabularies, Semantic technologies, Knowledge Graphs, Digital Humanities
• Alam, Mehwish; Iana, Andreea; Grote, Alexander; Ludwig, Katharina; Müller, Philipp; Paulheim, Heiko: Towards Analyzing the Bias of News Recommender Systems Using Sentiment and Stance Detection, In Beyond Facts: 2nd International Workshop on Knowledge Graphs for Online Discourse Analysis co-located with the Web Conference.
  Keywords: News Recommender Systems, Stance Detection, Sentiment Analysis
• Preprint: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2203.05824.pdf
• Iana, Andreea; Alam, Mehwish; Paulheim, Heiko. A Survey on Knowledge-Aware News Recommender Systems (Accepted). Semantic Web Journal.
  Keywords: News Recommender Systems, Knowledge Graphs
  Link to preprint: http://www.semantic-web-journal.net/system/files/swj2991.pdf
• Ottolina, Giorgio; Palmonari, Matteo; Alam, Mehwish; Vimercati, Manuel
  On the impact of temporal reresentations on metaphor detection
  Keywords: Metaphor Detection, Temporal Word Embeddings
  Preprint available on arXiv.org, 2021, Keywords: Metaphor Detection, Temporal Word Embeddings, Static Word Embeddings, https://arxiv.org/pdf/2111.03320.pdf
• Ludwig, Katharina; Grote, Alexander; Iana, Andreea; Alam, Mehwish; Paulheim, Heiko; Sack, Harald; Weinhardt, C.; Müller, Philipp:  Recommended Polarization? The (limited) effects of content- and sentiment-based news recommendation on affective, ideological, and perceived polarization. International Communication Association Conference, 2022. Keywords: News Recommendation, Sentiment Analysis, Polarization
• Alam, Mehwish; Buscaldi, Davide; Cochez, Michael; Osborne, Francesco; Reforgiato Recupero, Diego; Sack, Harald (Eds): Editorial of the Special Issue on Deep Learning and Knowledge Graphs. Semantic Web Journal, DOI: 10.3233/SW-223099, Link: https://content.iospress.com/articles/semantic-web/sw223099 Keywords: Knowledge Graphs, KG, Entity Linking
• Alam, Mehwish; Fensel, Anna; Martinez-Gil, Jorge; Moser, Bernhard; Reforgiato Recupero, Diego; Sack, Harald (Eds): Special Issue on Machine Learning and Knowledge Graphs. Future Generation Computer Systems, Volume 129, 2022, pp. 50-53. ISSN: 0167-739X, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2021.11.022, Keywords: Machine Learning, Knowledge Graphs
• Krestel, Ralf; Aras, Hidir; Andersson, Linda; Piroi, Florina; Hanbury, Allan; Alderucci, Dean, 3rd Workshop on Patent Text Mining and Semantic Technologies (PatentSemTech2022), in: SIGIR '22: Proceedings of the 45th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, July 2022,  Pages 3474–3477, https://doi.org/10.1145/3477495.3531702
• Herres-Pawlis, Sonja; Bach, Felix; …; Razum, Matthias; et al.
  Mindestinformationsstandards in der Chemie: Ein Appell zum besseren Umgang mit Forschungsdaten Angewandte Chemie, first published (Early View): November 8, 2022, e202203038; DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203038
• Herres-Pawlis, Sonja; Bach, Felix; …; Razum, Matthias; et al.
  Minimum Information Standards in Chemistry: A Call for Better Research Data Management Practices Angewandte Chemie International Edition, first published (Early View): November 8, 2022, e202203038; DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203038
• Bach, Felix; Degkwitz, Andreas; Horstmann, Wolfram et al.
  Concept for Setting up a Working Group in the NFDI Section "Common Infrastructures“
  Preprint available on Zenodo, 2022, Keywords: NFDI, Long Term Archiving and Access (LTA), Base4NFDI, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6451455
• Bach, Felix; Klar, Jochen; Loewe, Axel et al.: The OpenCARP CDE: Concept for and Implementation of a Sustainable Collaborative Development Environment for Research Software, Bausteine Forschungsdatenmanagement, 2022; No. 1, p. 64-84;
  Keywords: Technical Infrastructure, Collaborative Software Development (CDE)
  DOI: 10.17192/bfdm.2022.1.8368
• Elberskirch, Linda; Binder, Kunigunde; Bonatto Minella, Christian; Razum, Matthias et al.
  Digital research data: from analysis of existing standards to a scientific foundation for a modular metadata schema in nanosafety Particle and Fibre Toxicology, 2022; Vol. 19, 1; DOI: 10.1186/s12989-021-00442-x
• Elberskirch, Linda; …; Binder, Kunigunde; Bonatto Minella, Christian; Razum, Matthias et al.: How Structured Metadata Acquisition Contributes to the Reproducibility of Nanosafety Studies: Evaluation by a Round-Robin Test, Nanomaterials, 2022; Vol. 12, 1053; Keywords: Interlaboratory Comparison, Description Standards, Nanosafety Studies,
  DOI: 10.3390/nano12071053
• Biswas, Russa; Portisch, Jan; Paulheim, Heiko; Sack, Harald; Alam, Mehwish: Entity Type Prediction Leveraging Graph Walks and Entity Description In The 21st International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2022), (to be published) [arXiv copy (PDF), local copy (PDF)]
• Biswas, Russa; Chen, Yiyi; Paulheim, Heiko; Sack, Harald; Alam, Mehwish:  It's All in the Name: Entity Typing Using Multilingual Language Models In The Semantic Web: ESWC 2022 Satellite Events(ESWC 2022), Poster & Demo Track, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13384. Springer, Cham., pp. 36--41. Keywords: Entity type prediction, Knowledge graph completion, Multilingual language models, classification. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11609-4_7 [local copy (PDF)]
• Biswas, Russa; Sack, Harald; Alam, Mehwish MADLINK: Attentive Multihop and Entity Descriptions for Link Prediction in Knowledge Graphs, Semantic Web Journal. DOI: 10.3233/SW-222960, Keywords: Knowledge Graph Embedding, Link Prediction [local copy (PDF) | (BibTeX)].
• Brünger-Weilandt, Sabine; Gehring, Petra: NFDI – wie sie wurde, was sie ist. Sabine Brünger-Weilandt und Petra Gehring im Gespräch, Zeitschrift für Bibliothekswesen und Bibliographie (ZfBB), 2022; Vol. 69(1-2), S. 6-9; Keywords: Forschungsdatenmanagement, Nationale Forschungsdateninfrastruktur, NFDI, Datenqualität,  Rat für Informationsinfrastrukturen, RfII DOI: 10.3196/1864295020691226
• Brünger-Weilandt, Sabine; Scholze Frank (Hg.), Editorial
  Zeitschrift für Bibliothekswesen und Bibliographie (ZfBB) - Jahrgang 69 (2022), Heft 1-2 (15. April 2022), Verlag Vittorio Klostermann GmbH, Frankfurt/Main; E-ISSN: 1864-2950, P-ISSN: 0044-2380, Keywords: Nationale Forschungsdateninfrastruktur, NFDI, Forschungsdatenmanagement, Informationsinfrastrukturen, FAIR-Prinzipien DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3196/1864295020691212
• Chen, Yiyi; Sack, Harald; Alam, Mehwish: Analyzing Social Media for Measuring Public Attitudes towards Controversies and their Driving Factors - A Case Study of Migration, Social Network Analysis, and Mining Journal (Accepted), 2022 Keywords: Knowledge Base, Social Media Analysis, Public Attitudes, Hate Speech Detection, Immigration Attitudes [local copy (PDF)].
• Pesch, Paulina Jo; Dimitrova, Diana; Boehm, Franziska: Data Protection and Machine-Learning-Supported Decision-Making at the EU Border: ETIAS Profiling Under Scrutiny, In: Privacy Technologies and Policy. 10th Annual Privacy Forum, APF 2022, Warsaw, Poland, June 23–24, 2022. Proceedings / Gryszczyńska, Agnieszka; Polański, Przemysław; Gruschka, Nils et al. (eds.); Cham:Springer, 2022; 146 p.; ISBN 978-3-031-07314-4; Lecture Notes in Computer Science 13279, p. 50-72, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-07315-1_4
• Dimitrova, Diana; Ekimdzhiev and Others v. Bulgaria: Secret Surveillance and Electronic Communications Surveillance Only with Adequate Safeguards, or Nothing New Under the Sun. In: The Strasbourg Observers Blog;  March 02, 2022, Keywords: Secret Surveillance, Electronic Communications, Case of Bulgaria, European Court of Human Rights, Safeguardshttps://strasbourgobservers.com/2022/03/02/ekimdzhiev-and-others-v-bulgaria-nothing-new-under-the-sun/
• Contribution to the public consultation on the Guidelines 01/2022 on data subject rights – the right of access, Drechsler, L., Jasmontaite, L., Gkotsopoulou, O. & Dimitrova, Diana; 23 Mar 2022, 8 p. Keywords: Data subject rights, right of access, public consultation, European Guidelines 01/2022, European Data Protection Board https://edpb.europa.eu/sites/default/files/webform/public_consultation_reply/20220311.EDPB_Guidelines_Access_CLEAN_FINAL.pdf
• Dimitrova, Diana Surveillance at the borders: Travellers and their data protection rights, In: Research Handbook on Privacy and Data Protection Law. Values, Norms and Global Politics / González Fuster, Gloria; Van Brakel, Rosamunde; De Hert, Paul (eds.); Elger: Cheltenham, 2022; ISBN 978 1 78643 850 8; 480 p.; p. 302-334, Keywords: Data protection law, data protection rights, Surveillance, borders https://www.e-elgar.com/shop/gbp/research-handbook-on-privacy-and-data-protection-law-9781786438508.html
• Ehsani, Dariush Boundary value problems of elliptic operators and reduction to the boundary techniques Complex Variables and Elliptic Equations, 2022, DOI: 10.1080/17476933.2022.2056885
• Ehsani, Dariush Subelliptic estimates for the ¯∂-problem on complex algebraic surfaces with isolated singularities Preprint available on arXiv pre-prints, 2022, https://arxiv.org/pdf/2202.10867.pdf
• Friedewald, Michael; Schiering, Ina; Martin, Nicholas; Hallinan, Dara Data Protection Impact Assessments in Practice: Experiences from Case Studies In: Computer Security. ESORICS 2021 International Workshops. Revised Selected Papers / Katsikas, Sokratis; Lambrinoudakis, Costas; Cuppens, Nora et al. (eds.); Cham: Springer, 2022; 588 p.; ISBN 978-3-030-95483-3; Lecture Notes in Computer Science 13106, p. 424-443; Keywords: Data Protection Impact Assessment, Privacy, General Data Protection Regulation, Standard Data Protection Model, Data protection goals, Risk management. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-95484-0_25
• Hallinan, Dara; Boehm, Franziska; Külpmann, Annika; Elson, Malte Information Provision for Informed Consent. Procedures in Psychological Research under the GDPR: A Practical Guide Priprint availabel on PsyArXiv, 2022; 15 p. Keywords: data protection, GDPR, informed consent, privacy, research ethics. DOI: 10.31234/osf.io/znb9m
• Hartmann, Thomas Datenschutzrechtliche Grundlagen für Bibliotheken BuB: Forum Bibliothek und Information, 2022; Nr. 8/9, S. 478-481
• Hartmann, Thomas Forschungsdaten in den Naturwissenschaften: Eine urheberrechtliche Bestandsaufnahme mit ihren Implikationen für universitäres FDM Online published in: E-Science-Tage 2021: Share Your Research Data / Heuveline, Vincent; Bisheh, Nina (Hrsg.); Heidelberg: heiBOOKS, 2022; 428 S.; ISBN 978-3-948083-54-0 (PDF); S. 183-195. Keywords: Forschungsdaten, Naturwissenschaften, FDM, urheberrechtlicher Status. DOI: 10.11588/heibooks.979.c13728
• Landwehr, Matthias; Schneider, Gabriel; Hofmann, Stefan; Razum, Matthias; Soltau, Kerstin Lokal betrieben, remote gepflegt – Software für ein Datenrepositorium in Kooperation implementieren Online published in: E-Science-Tage 2021: Share Your Research Data / Heuveline, Vincent; Bishe, Nina (eds.); Heidelberg: heiBOOKS, 2022; 428 S.; ISBN 978-3-948083-54-0 (PDF); S. 44-53; Keywords: Datenrepositorium, Repositorien-Software, RADAR local, DOI: 10.11588/heibooks.979.c13717
• Brate, R.; Dang, M.-H.; Hoppe, Fabian, He,Y.; Meroño-Peñuela, A.; Sadashivaiah, V.: Improving Language Model Predictions via Prompts Enriched with Knowledge Graphs. In Proc. of Deep Learning for Knowledge Graphs (DL4KG2022) co-located with the 21st International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2022).
• Hoppe, Fabian: Improving Zero-Shot Text Classification with Graph-based Knowledge Representations. In proc. of the Doctoral Consortium at the 21st International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2022). Ed.: O. Hartig. pp. 27--35 CEUR WS. Keywords: Text Classification, Graph-based Knowledge. [local copy (PDF)]
• Maltzan, Stephanie von; Vettermann, Oliver Wie hast du’s mit dem Datenschutz? Das Dilemma des Informationsparadigmas der DSGVO bei sog. Privacy Ratings In: Daten, Plattformen und KI als Dreiklang unserer Zeit. Tagungsband DSRI-Herbstakademie 2022 / Heinze, Christian (Hrsg.); Edewecht: Oldenburger Verlag für Wirtschaft Informatik und Recht, 2022; 945 S.; ISBN 13 978-3-95599-075-6; S. 65-81
• Petri, Grischka Der Pastiche als urheberrechtlicher Begriff In: Gestaltung der Informationsrechtsordnung. Festschrift für Thomas Dreier zum 65. Geburtstag / Fischer, Veronika; Nolte, Georg; Senftleben, Martin et al. (Hrsg.); München: Beck, 2022; 704 S.; ISBN 978-3-406-77779-0; S. 487–504
• Posthumus, Etienne; Brandhorst, Hans; Sack, Harald : The Art Historian’s Bicycle Becomes an E-Bike. In Proc. VISART 2022 (Workshop at the European Conference of Computer Vision (ECCV). Keywords: Art History, Book History, Subject Classification, Computer Vision. [local copy (PDF)]
• Rack, Fabian: CC – Creative Commons; In: Doing Research – Wissenschaftspraktiken zwischen Positionierung und Suchanfrage / Hofhues, Sandra; Schütze, Konstanze (Hrsg.); Bielefeld: transcript Verlag, 2022; 450 S.; ISBN 978-3-8376-5632-9; S. 154-161
  DOI: 10.14361/9783839456323-019
• Spikowius, Diana; Rack, Fabian NFTs: Verwertung, Vertragspraxis, Rechtsdurchsetzung – Eine Einordnung von Non-Fungible Tokens im Urhebervertragsrecht MMR Zeitschrift für IT-Recht und Recht der Digitalisierung, 2022; Vol. 25, S. 256-261
• Sohmen, Lucia; Rack, Fabian Rechtliche Fragen bei der Nutzung von Abbildungen aus Open-Access-Publikationen In: E-Science-Tage 2021: Share Your Research Data / Heuveline, Vincent; Bisheh, Nina (Hrsg.); Heidelberg: heiBOOKS, 2022; 428 S.; ISBN 978-3-948083-54-0 (PDF); S. 157-169. Keywords: Nutzungsrecht, Abbildungen, Open-Access-Publikationen. DOI: 10.11588/heibooks.979.c13726
• Naujokat, Anke; Razum, Matthias; Schlimme, Hermann baureka.online. Bauforschungsdaten digital vernetzt Architectura: Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Baukunst, 2020 (erschienen am 16.12.2022); Vol. 50(1-2), S. 50-57; DOI: 10.1515/atc-2020-1009
• Cioffi, A.; Coppini, S.; Massari, A.; Moretti, A.; Peroni, S.; Santini, Christian & Asadi, N.: Identifying and correcting invalid citations due to DOI errors in Crossref data. Scientometrics Journal, volume 127 (2022), pp. 3593–3612. Keywords: Invalid citations, Incorrect DOI, Open citations, Crossref, OpenCitations. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11192-022-04367-w, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-022-04367-w [local copy (PDF)].
• Santini, Christian; Tan, Mary Ann; Tietz, Tabea; Bruns, Oleksandra; Posthumus, Etienne; Sack, Harald: Knowledge Extraction for Art History: the Case of Vasari’s The Lives of The Artists (1568). In Proc. of the 3rd Conference on Digital Curation Technologies (QURATOR 2022) [local copy (PDF) | (BibTeX)].
• Santini, Christian; Gesese, Genet Asefa; S. Peroni, A. Gangemi; Sack, Harald; Alam, Mehwish: A Knowledge Graph Embeddings based Approach for Author Name Disambiguation using Literals. Scientometrics, Vol. 127 (8), 2022, pp. 4887–4912. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-022-04426-2, [local copy (PDF) | (BibTeX)].
• Azzouz-Thuderoz, Maxence; Schubotz, Moritz; Teschke, Olaf, Sustaining the swMATH project: Integration into zbMATH Open interface and Open Data perspectives, EMS Magazine, December 2022; No. 126, p. 62–64; DOI: 10.4171/MAG/118
• Greiner-Petter, Andre; Schubotz, Moritz; Breitinger, Corinna et al. Do the Math: Making Mathematics in Wikipedia Computable IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. Keywords: Knowledge Extraction, Art History, Cultural Heritage, NLP. Preprint available: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9847017
• Schubotz, Moritz; Satpute, Ankit; Greiner-Petter, Andre et al.
  Caching and Reproducibility: Making DataScience experiments faster and FAIRer
  Frontiers in research metrics and analytics, 2022; Vol. 7; Keywords: Caching, Data Science, Reproducibility of Results DOI: 10.3389/frma.2022.861944
• Greiner-Petter, André; Cohl, Howard S.; Youssef, Abdou; Schubotz, Moritz et al.: Comparative Verification of the Digital Library of Mathematical Functions and Computer Algebra Systems, Preprint available on arXiv.org, 2022, https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.09488, Keywords: Digital Mathematical Library, Computer Algebra Systems, Mathematical Expressions
• Greiner-Petter, André; Cohl, Howard S.; Youssef, Abdou; Schubotz, Moritz et al.
  Comparative Verification of the Digital Library of Mathematical Functions and Computer Algebra Systems In: Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems. 28th International Conference, TACAS 2022, Held as Part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2022, Munich, Germany, April 2–7, 2022, Proceedings, Part I / Fisman, Dana; Rosu, Grigore (eds.); Cham: Springer, 2022; 605 p.; ISBN 978-3-030-99523-2; Lecture Notes in Computer Science 13243, p. 87-105. Keywords: Presentation to Computation, LaCASt, LaTeX, Semantic LaTeX, Computer Algebra Systems, Digital Mathematical Library. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-99524-9_5
• Trautwein, Dennis; …; Schubotz, Moritz et al. Design and Evaluation of IPFS: A Storage Layer for the Decentralized Web Online published in: SIGCOMM '22: Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2022 Conference; acm Association for Computing Machinery, 2022; 494 p.; ISBN 978-1-4503-9420-8; p. 739-752. Keywords: The InterPlanetary File System (IPFS), Decentralized Web platform, Open-source. DOI: 10.1145/3544216.3544232
• Tan, Mary Ann; Posthumus, Etienne; Sack, Harald: Audio Ontologies for Intangible Cultural Heritage. In Proceedings of the 19th Extended Semantic Web Conference - Posters and Demos (ESWC2022). Keywords: Ontologies, Digital Library, Digital Humanities, Cultural Heritage, Audio [local copy (PDF) | (BIBTex)]
• Hulek, Klaus; Teschke, Olaf: The transition of zbMATH towards an open information platform for mathematics. II: A two-year progress report, EMS Magazine, September 2022; No. 125, p. 44–47; DOI: 10.4171/MAG/91
• Hulek, Klaus; Teschke, Olaf: Die Transformation von zbMATH zu einer offenen Plattform für die Mathematik. II: Ein Zwischenbericht nach zwei Jahren, Internationale Mathematische Nachrichten, 2022; No. 250, S. 25-32  [local copy(PDF)]
• Vrolijk, Jarno; Reklos, Ioannis; Vafaie, Mahsa; Massari, Arcangelo; Mohammadi, Maryam and Rudolph, Sebastian: Towards a Methodology Comparison Framework for Interactive Ontology Enrichment. In Proc. of the 7th International Workshop on Visualization and Interaction for Ontologies and Linked Data (VOILA 2022) co-located with the 21st International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2022), [local copy (PDF)].
• Vafaie, Mahsa, Bruns, Oleksandra; Pilz, Nastasja; Waitelonis, Jörg; Sack, Harald: Handwritten and Printed Text Identification in Identification in Historical Archival Documents. In Proceedings of Archiving Conference, 2022, pp 15-20. Keywords: Digitisation, OCR, Machine Learning, Historical Archival Documents. online at https://doi.org/10.2352/issn.2168-3204.2022.19.1.4 [local copy(PDF)]
• Vettermann, Oliver Der grundrechtliche Schutz der digitalen Identität unter Berücksichtigung von Datenschutz- und IT-Sicherheitsrecht. Dissertation Karlsruhe: KIT Scientific Publishing, 2022; ISBN: 978-3-7315-1213-4; Schriften des Zentrums für Angewandte Rechtswissenschaft / ZAR, Zentrum für Angewandte Rechtswissenschaft, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie 19, 389 S. DOI: 10.5445/KSP/1000148103
• Dickmann, Roman; Vettermann, Oliver Geheimhaltung als Grundrechtsverletzung – Die Entscheidung des BVerfG zum Umgang von Behörden mit IT-Schwachstellen
  MMR Zeitschrift für IT-Recht und Recht der Digitalisierung, 2022; Nr. 9, S. 740-745
• Dickmann, Roman; Vettermann, Oliver Regelung des behördlichen IT-Schwachstellenmanagements MMR Zeitschrift für IT-Recht und Recht der Digitalisierung, 2022; Nr. 10, S. 852-857